Common fault diagnosis methods of hydraulic system
There are many ways to diagnose common faults in hydraulic systems. Hydraulic equipment is a combination of mechanical, hydraulic, electrical and other devices, so the failures that occur are also diverse. A certain failure phenomenon may be caused by many factors. Therefore, analyzing hydraulic failures must be able to understand the schematic diagram of the hydraulic system, have a general understanding of the role of each component in the schematic diagram, and then analyze and judge according to the failure phenomenon. The causes of failures caused by many factors need to be analyzed one by one, and the main contradictions can be grasped to better solve and eliminate. It is difficult for the outside world to understand the flow of working fluid in the components and pipelines in the hydraulic system, so it brings more difficulties to analysis and diagnosis. Therefore, people are required to have a strong ability to analyze and judge faults. Find out the cause and location of the fault in the complex relationships between machinery, hydraulics, and electricity, and eliminate them in a timely and accurate manner.
1. Simple fault diagnosis method
The simple fault diagnosis method is the most common method currently used. It relies on the maintenance personnel based on personal experience, using simple instruments to objectively use the methods of asking, watching, listening, touching and smelling to understand the system's working conditions based on the failure of the hydraulic system. , Perform analysis, diagnosis, and determine the cause and location of the fault. The specific methods are as follows:
1) Ask the equipment operator to understand the operating status of the equipment. Including: whether the hydraulic system is working normally; whether the hydraulic pump is abnormal; the time and result of checking the cleanliness of the hydraulic oil; the cleaning and replacement of the filter element; whether the hydraulic components have been adjusted before the failure; whether the sealing components have been replaced; the failure What abnormal phenomena have occurred in the front and rear hydraulic systems; what failures have occurred in the system in the past and how to eliminate them, etc., need to be understood one by one.
2) Look at the actual working conditions of the hydraulic system, and observe whether there are problems with the system pressure, speed, oil, leakage, vibration, etc.
3) Listen to the sound of the hydraulic system, such as: impact sound; pump noise and abnormal sound; judge whether the hydraulic system is working normally.
4) Touch the temperature rise, vibration, crawling and tightness of the connection to determine whether the working state of the moving parts is normal.
In short, the simple diagnosis method is only a simple qualitative analysis, which has a wide range of practicability for rapid judgment and troubleshooting.
2. Hydraulic system schematic diagram analysis method
Analyze the failures of the hydraulic transmission system according to the schematic diagram of the hydraulic system, find out the location and cause of the failure, and propose the method of troubleshooting. The hydraulic system diagram analysis method is currently the most common method used by engineering and technical personnel. It requires people to have a certain foundation of hydraulic knowledge and understand the hydraulic system diagram to master the name, function, principle and structure of the components represented by each graphic symbol And performance should also have a certain understanding. With this foundation, it is easy to compare and analyze the action cycle table and judge the fault. Therefore, earnestly learning the basics of hydraulics and mastering the hydraulic schematic diagram is the most powerful assistant for fault diagnosis and troubleshooting, and it is also the basis for other fault analysis methods. Must be mastered carefully.
3. Other analytical methods
When a hydraulic system fails, it is often impossible to find out the location and root cause of the failure immediately. In order to avoid blindness, people must carry out logical analysis based on the principle of the hydraulic system or use causal analysis to eliminate them one by one, and finally find the location of the failure. It uses logical analysis to find out the fault. In order to facilitate the application, the fault diagnosis expert has designed a logic flow chart or other diagrams to make a logical judgment on the fault, which provides convenience for the fault diagnosis.